China’s foreign relations are shaped by its economic ambitions, geopolitical strategy, and historical position in the international system. As a global power, China seeks to expand its influence through diplomacy, trade, and strategic partnerships. A key pillar of China’s global strategy is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched in 2013. The BRI is an ambitious infrastructure and economic project aimed at enhancing global connectivity through investments in roads, ports, railways, and energy projects across Asia, Africa, and Europe. By financing large-scale infrastructure projects, China strengthens economic ties, gains access to key markets, and secures critical resources. However, the BRI has also been criticized for creating debt dependency and increasing China’s political leverage over recipient countries. In addition, Chinese economic slowdown limits the capacity of Beijing to seek hegemony.
While the BRI strengthens its global reach, geopolitical tensions, security concerns, and regional rivalries continue to shape China’s interactions in Asia and beyond. American and allies concerns have accentuated security measures while continuing trading with China. This panel examines the role the BRI in fostering greater rivalry between the USA, its allies and China.
