Multilateralism and global governance are essential frameworks for managing international relations and addressing global challenges. Multilateralism refers to the cooperation of multiple states and actors in international decision-making, often through institutions and agreements. Global governance encompasses the rules, norms, and institutions that regulate global affairs, involving not only states but also international organizations, NGOs, and private actors.
One of the key benefits of multilateralism is collective security and problem-solving. Through organizations like NATO and the UN Security Council, countries collaborate to address conflicts, terrorism, and humanitarian crises. However, global governance faces challenges, including power imbalances, nationalism, and institutional inefficiencies. Some countries, particularly in the Global South, argue that multilateral organizations are dominated by powerful nations, limiting their influence. Additionally, rising nationalism and geopolitical tensions—such as U.S.-China competition and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine—have weakened global cooperation. Organizations like the WTO and UN often struggle to enforce decisions due to lack of binding authority.
Despite these challenges, multilateralism remains crucial for addressing transnational issues that no single nation can resolve alone. This panel aims to consider global governance through inclusive decision-making, institutional reforms, and better enforcement mechanisms as essential for fostering a stable and cooperative international system.
